![]() Thus, it is essential to consider vegetation coverage when simulating eco-hydrological processes in arid and alpine grassland ecosystems.ĭistributed and mechanised hydrological models are effective tools for simulating and elucidating eco-hydrological processes at different spatiotemporal scales ( Gassman et al., 2007 Karlsson et al., 2016 Huang et al., 2017). Different vegetation coverages have key impacts on eco-hydrological processes, as differences in canopy interception and transpiration ability may lead to variations in water allocation from precipitation-such as surface runoff, evaporation, and soil water storage ( Yang et al., 2009 Guo et al., 2010 Feng et al., 2017). The vegetation coverage of grasslands is spatially heterogeneous in arid and alpine areas due to the terrain and impacts of climate change and human activities ( Fu et al., 2012 Sun et al., 2019). Grasslands are the main land cover type and one of the most important ecosystems in arid and alpine endorheic basins ( Gao et al., 2010 Zhang et al., 2020). These findings indicate that the modified SWAT could better simulate hydrological processes in arid and alpine grasslands with different vegetation coverages. ![]() ![]() The proper estimation of the LAI was reflected in the improved simulation of the monthly streamflow and sediment yield at the basin outlet and the monthly ET. Results showed that for the original SWAT model, the simulated LAI was homogeneous within each land use/cover type, whereas the remotely sensed LAI was spatially heterogeneous and better captured the vegetation coverage of the entire basin. We used this to better simulate eco-hydrological processes in grassland basins with different vegetation coverages in the upper reaches of the Bayin River Basin. In this study, we modified the SWAT model using remotely sensed LAI data with high temporal and spatial resolution. However, they still have been limited to arid and alpine grasslands with different vegetation coverages. To address the drawbacks of the SWAT in simulating vegetation coverage and plant patterns, several studies have focused on improving LAI estimation. However, in SWAT, the LAI accumulation is controlled by heat, and neglects other relevant factors such as precipitation and terrain. The leaf area index (LAI) is one of the vegetation coverage indexes and is incorporated in the SWAT model. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is one of the most widely used semi-distributed catchment-scale eco-hydrological models. The vegetation coverage of grasslands is spatially heterogeneous in arid and alpine areas and it may lead to variations in water allocation. Grasslands are the main land cover type and one of the most important ecosystems in arid and alpine endorheic basins. ![]() 3Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Xining, China.2School of the Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China.1MOE Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation, Xining, China. ![]() Xin Jin 1, Yanxiang Jin 1*, Di Fu 1 and Xufeng Mao 2 ![]()
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